Permanent sample plot techniques for mixed tropical forest

摘要: This manual provides a reference guide to permanent sample plot (PSP) techniques in mixed tropical forests. It is intended as an update Synnott's Manual of procedures for rainforests. The considers the objectives PSPs that providing data growth and yield models which will be used assist forest management. are means measuring tree growth, mortality, regeneration relation stand density. They may laid down either network sampling plots, passively existing management practices; or measurement plots within experimental design. Both approaches properly required optimum capture data. There no satisfactory method calculating numbers required, but approximate indications one per 1000 ha forest, stratified random sample, normally adequate. Experimental designs should concentrate on effects extremes density, from controlled logging poisoning, always include untreated unlogged control define maximum basal area under maximal competition. Randomized block design recommended simple, robust statistically rigorous. Replicates placed different sites. When considering shape size, some compatibility with temporary inventory. Measures area, competition spatially-dependent ratio parameters depend size shape, hence need consistency. In general, square PSP 100 x m, subdivided into 25 20 m quadrats, recommended, this varied where requirements so indicate. Compatibility can achieved various shapes sizes by using common sub-unit. For purpose quadrat basis all permanent, temporary, plots. location field, modern methods global positioning satellites greatly reduce survey time cost, ease problem relocating future. Plots permanently demarcated use combination concrete hardwood corner pillars, trenches relocate boundaries, positions reconstruct markers lost. On trees above cm dbh marked paint tags, uniquely numbered, measured diameter, crown position form according Dawkins classification. Qualitative records damage, disease other features made via coded notes. A sub-sample two each point height. Trees below subplot, if possible inner subplot strip. All species measured, without consideration economic utility. covers site assessment briefly, including topographic indicators based altitude, slope aspect, soil classification methods, vegetation associations indicators, quantitative such mean height Data recording forms given, together description database record structures compatible forms, entry verification long-term storage.