Peripheral Nervous System and Sleep

摘要: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is composed of somato-sensory afferents, motor efferents, sympathetic, and parasympathic arms the autonomic (ANS), enteric (ENS), all which undergo sleep-stage dependent or circadian changes during sleep nocturnal phase. ANS controls vital bodily functions such as cardiovascular respiratory regulation that are strongly influenced by sleep. Sleep induces profound in function components involved rhythm stimulation melatonin. Physiological differences between wakefulness, nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, rapid (REM) paradoxical mediated through alteration sympathetic parasympathetic systems well diminution inhibition somatic sensory systems. NREM generally characterized dominance, slow rolling movements, decreased muscle tone, heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, metabolic temperature, while REM contrasts both tonic phasic enhancement, increased metabolism, movements accompanied specific mechanisms for atonia. Changes gastrointestinal track ENS largely guided influences; however, some sleep-dependent modulations influence at play. Overall, various PNS substantially altered a stage-dependent manner many can serve risk factors auxiliary pathologies, particular disorders. Conversely, several pathologies also present symptoms disturbances