Morphological diversity in breadfruit (Artocarpus, Moraceae): insights into domestication, conservation, and cultivar identification

摘要: Over millennia of breadfruit cultivation, hundreds named cultivars have been developed that display a high degree morphological diversity. The current study was undertaken to evaluate diversity within the National Tropical Botanical Garden’s germplasm collection, largest and most diverse collection in world. A set 57 standardized descriptors including 29 leaf, 22 fruit, four seed, two male inflorescence characteristics were used describe contrast 221 accessions Artocarpus camansi Blanco, A. altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg, mariannensis Trecul, early generation altilis × A. hybrids, domesticated hybrids. transition from heavily seeded fruit covered with flexible spines fewer seeded, smoother skinned similar size observed domestication camansi. Further selection true seedless, smooth-skinned appears occurred human migrations Melanesia into Polynesia. Cultivars Micronesia exhibit indicative hybridization endemic species mariannensis. These data generate multi-access cultivar identification key on Lucid platform can be identify trees known or predict nearest relationships for previously undescribed cultivars. Overall, this provides new insights changes during domestication, helps visualize exists across geographical regions, framework conservation.