Effect of fatty acids on energy coupling processes in mitochondria

摘要: Long-chain fatty acids are natural uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. The protonophoric mechanism this action is due to transbilayer movement undissociated acid one direction and the passage its anion opposite direction. transfer dissociated form can be, at least some kinds mitochondrion, facilitated by adenine nucleotide translocase. Apart from dissipating electrochemical proton gradient, long-chain decrease activity respiratory chain mechanism(s) not fully understood. In intact cells tissues operate mostly as excellent substrates, providing electrons chain. This function masks their potential uncoupling effect which becomes apparent only under special physiological or pathological conditions characterized unusual accumulation. Short- medium-chain do have properties. Nevertheless, they contribute energy dissipation because slow intramitochondrial hydrolysis activation products, acyl-AMP acyl-CoA. increase permeability mitochondrial membranes alkali metal cations. ionophoric action. Regulatory with respect specific cation channels has been postulated for plasma membrane muscle cells, but demonstrated Under cold stress, acclimation arousal hibernation may increased thermogenesis, especially tissue. brown adipose tissue, thermogenic organ mammals, promote operation unique protein, thermogenin. As anionic amphiphiles, negative surface charge biomembranes, thus interfering enzymic transporting functions.