Carbon and Water Fluxes in Mediterranean-Type Ecosystems — Constraints and Adaptations

摘要: The regions with a climate of the Mediterranean-type have rainy winter and dry hot summer. They are located on western side continents between latitudes 30 to 43° north or south (Walter 1973). summer Mediterranean arises from seasonal change in position semi-permanent high-pressure zones that centred over tropical deserts at about 20° latitude equator. persistent flow stable air out these centres during brings several months hot, weather (Archibold 1995). This type occurs Basin, California, foot High Andes (Chile), southwestern tip Africa Australia. In all evergreen sclerophyllous woody plants dominant vegetation 1973), but high diversity species life forms is rule. All areas endemics belong so-called hot-spots for biodiversity. Although biome represents less than 2% world’s surface, it houses 20% total floristic richness (Medail Quezel 1997).