Scratching the surface of subterranean biodiversity: Molecular analysis reveals a diverse and previously unknown fauna of Parabathynellidae (Crustacea: Bathynellacea) from the Pilbara, Western Australia

摘要: Abstract Like other crustacean families, the Parabathynellidae is a poorly studied subterranean and aquatic (stygobiontic) group in Australia, with many regions of available habitat having not yet been surveyed. Here we used combined approach molecular species delimitation methods, applied to mitochondrial nuclear genetic data, identify putative new from material obtained remote habitats Pilbara region Western Australia. Based on collections these localities, delineated minimum eight up 24 using consensus range delineation methods additional evidence. When placed our into broader phylogenetic framework Australian Parabathynellidae, they grouped two known genera also within one distinct Pilbara-only clade. These significantly expand diversity that represent 22% increase 109 currently recognised globally. Our investigations showed sampling at localities can yield extraordinary levels diversity, majority showing likely restricted endemic geographical ranges. findings only small sample comprising less than 2.5% continent.