Spatio-temporal spawning and larval dynamics of a zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) population in a North Texas Reservoir: implications for invasions in the southern United States

摘要: long-term monitoring program were analyzed to determine if spatio-temporal zebra mussel spawning and larval dynamics related physicochemical water properties in Lake Texoma. Reproductive output of the local population was significantly temperature lake elevation. Estimated mean date first spawn Texoma approximately 1.5 months earlier peak veliger densities observed two than Erie. Annual maximum density declined during study period (p < 0.0001). A crash occurred as a result thermal stress variability In summer 2011, temperatures peaked at 34.3°C elevation lowest level recorded previous 18 years, which resulted desiccation substantial numbers settled mussels littoral zones. Veliger spatial distributions associated with stratification characteristics. Veligers deepest oxygenated after stratification, late spring. Results this indicate environmental conditions can influence sizes along current southern frontier their geographic range. Although future size trajectory range are uncertain, increased intermittent, extreme droughts likely will affect established populations spread farther into southwestern United States.