A review of models for predicting soil water dynamics during trickle irrigation

摘要: Designing drip irrigation systems involve selection of an appropriate combination emitter discharge rate and spacing between emitters for any given set soil, crop, climatic conditions, as well understanding the wetted zone pattern around emitter. The exact shape volume moisture distribution will depend on many factors, including soil hydraulic characteristics, initial rate, application frequency, root evaporation, transpiration. Multi-dimensional nature water flow, plant uptake high frequency increase complexity in modelling dynamics from trickle irrigation. Researchers used analytical methods, semi-analytical methods numerical to Richards’ equation using certain boundary conditions model infiltration point source use design, install, manage due their merits over direct measurements. Others developed models based Green-Ampt equation, empirical regression techniques/dimensional analysis techniques/moment approach techniques/artificial neural networks this topic describe a point/line sources. A review these under each category is presented study. Other knowledge gaps identified include (a) effect variations content packing (b) precision observing wetting front soil–water content, (c) validity surface (d) crop architecture its withdrawal different input parameters, (e) effects gravitational gradients, (f) stratification soils, (g) impact hysteresis. promotes better helps identify topics more emphasis future activity.