Building Backstop Technologies and Policies to Implement the Framework Convention on Climate Change

摘要: The goal of the Framework Convention on Climate Change is to stabilize concentration greenhouse gases in atmosphere at levels which avoid dangerous an thropogenic interference with climate (United Nations, 1992). No consensus currently exists regard a that can be regarded as “safe,†and issue remains subject debate, fuelled least part by enormous difficulties predicting valuing consequences change. attraction efficient instruments for achieving atmospheric stabilization great, most analysis date has focused either tradable permits or taxes implementation (Hourcade et al. , 1996). Clearly, are first-best alternative any emissions mitigation objective. But have their own difficulties, not income distribution problem. purpose this paper examine performance cost characteristics alternative, technology based, policy instrument, might serve “backstop†event could employed. Such interest because they potentially offer strategy stabilizing atmosphere, while requiring relatively minor financial transfers allowing economic development proceed. They accomplish these goals expense efficiency, although our study shows effect inefficiency limited approximately 30%. On other hand, approach wide technological flexibility meeting standard. backstop protocol we here requires new powerplant coal-based synthetic fuels capacity scrub carbon from waste gas stream Annex I nations, provides mechanism non-Annex nations graduate into obligations. We under two reference energy futures: one dominated coal unconventional oil gas.