Novel urinary biomarkers for the detection of bladder cancer: A systematic review.

摘要: Abstract Background Urinary biomarkers for the diagnosis of bladder cancer represents an area considerable research which has been tested in both patients presenting with haematuria and non-muscle invasive requiring surveillance cystoscopy. In this systematic review, we identify appraise diagnostic sensitive specificity reported novel different ‘omic’ class highlight promising investigated to date. Methods A MEDLINE/Pubmed search was performed between January 2013 July 2017 using following keywords: (bladder OR transitional cell carcinoma urothelial carcinoma) AND (detection diagnosis) urine (biomarker assay). All studies had a minimum 20 control arms sensitivity and/or receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. QUADAS-2 tool used assess risk bias applicability studies. The protocol registered PROSPERO database (CRD42016049918). Results Systematic yielded 115 reports were included analysis. single target 2–94%, 46–100%, positive predictive value (PPV) 47–100% negative (NPV) 21–94%. Multi-target achieved 24–100%, 48–100%, PPV 42–95% NPV 32–100%. 50 ≥80%. Protein (n = 59) transcriptomic (n = 21) most studied biomarkers. biomarker panels better accuracy compared targets. cytology urinary improved ability biomarker. higher primary setting. Most case did not have predefined threshold determine test result indicating possible bias. Conclusion This comprehensive review provides update on highlights Few achieve high value. Such will require external validation prospective observational setting before adoption clinical practice.