作者: Mumtaz Ali Baloch , Gopal Bahadur Thapa
DOI: 10.1016/J.JSSAS.2017.05.001
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摘要: Abstract This review paper is based on secondary information. It presents the external (policy, technical assistance, public institutions and private sector) internal (institutional structures, objectives/programmes) factors that impact agriculture development in general developing countries with special focus Pakistan. The contents carry literatures deal such factors, starting discussion comprehensive analysis of role extension services accompanied by its pros cons, as well meager agricultural countries. followed concrete discussions different approaches/modes adopted/implemented worldwide; as, Training Visit Approach, Transfer Technology (ToT), Farmer Field School approach, finally, roles research promoting sustainable development. There was a great difference between policy practice study area; therefore, there an emerging need to effectively implement (2004) providing required facilities adequate budget, trained officials, logistic/transportation facility, trainings, field unit office ensure farmers’ participation problem-solving ( Table 3 ). old requiring farmers visit agents may be changed order improve access services, particularly rural areas where transportation not easily available. Following principles participatory new needs implemented require officials work cooperation farmers. Agricultural revamped then according problems encountered. blueprint decentralized implemented.