作者: Barbara Demmig-Adams , Volker Ebbert , C. Ryan Zarter , William W. Adams
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摘要: Summary Photoprotective energy dissipation is a process in which xanthophylls (particularly zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin; Z + A) facilitate the of excess absorbed light as heat. This can occur different versions that meet demands environments. Flexible thermal (qE type) responds to intra-thylakoid pH, controlled by PsbS protein, relaxes rapidly upon darkening at warm temperatures. flexible, PsbS/� pH-dependent predominant form under environmental conditions favorable for growth, irrespective plant species. In comparison with short-lived species, perennial evergreens not only have slower growth lower photosynthetic capacities but also possess higher flexible show greater increases level A full sun versus moderate intensity.Furthermore,asustainedformofthermaldissipation(qItype)isobservedpredominantlyinphotoinhibited unfavorable factor(s)