Anal Cancer in the Era of Dose Painted Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy: Implications for Regional Nodal Therapy

摘要: Since the initial development of 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin as a standard care platform for definitive anal cancer chemoradiotherapy, multiple studies have evaluated optimal chemotherapy regimen, radiotherapy technique. Refinements in treatment technique taken place during an era improved diagnostic imaging, including incorporation FDG-PET, with implications possible stage migration effect. This has introduced opportunity to develop stage-specific recommendations primary tumor, involved nodal, elective nodal irradiation dose. Elective remains given low rates failure current practice, although may be subject evolving controversy patients early disease. In this review, chemoradiotherapy is reviewed context modern staging dose-painted techniques.