A transitional perspective of global and regional mineral material flows

摘要: Abstract This article presents the first broad estimate of mineral use and efficiency taking into account two unique sets material groups (critical precious) mostly used in 21st century. It is therefore distinct from previous studies which were focused on biomass construction minerals. Standardized methodology for flow accounting was applied based long time series data 1955 to 2015. Mineral flows, resource productivity, intensity, extraction, consumption trade patterns presented compared, with differences similarities verified. Our results showed that increased 3 gigatons 40 metallic minerals, about 10 fuel 20 million tons 100 critical 200 tons 11,000 tons precious minerals Regional metabolic rates ranged 0.45 t/cap/a Africa 7 t/cap/a Asia. Meanwhile, Europe Western Offshoots decreasing trends, Asia highlighted surging while LACA increasing domestic extraction. Offshoots, Latin America Caribbean net exporters emerged as a importer last three decades. Different regions demonstrated different trends intensity productivity. The impact Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Material Consumption (DMC), investigated discussed. furnish intuition future effective efficient global regional management.