Skipped spawning in female iteroparous fishes

摘要: It is often assumed that iteroparous fishes spawn annually once reaching sexual maturity, but this not always the case. This paper reviews available information on skipped spawning in female teleost fishes. All instances of non-annual are described as one three types (retaining, reabsorbing, resting), depending where normal cycle development has been interrupted. Retaining ripe eggs caused by conditions experienced during season (fish density, mate availability, pollution), whereas failure to start vitellogenesis (resting) or breakdown all oocytes enter into (reabsorbing) factors prior (primarily temperature and poor nutrition). speculated relative shortage data may be because difficulties identifying non-reproductive individuals. In an attempt rectify situation, criteria needed identify females undergoing forms omission presented terms external appearance gonads, gonad indices, histological analysis. The energy saved a year lead increased survival probability subsequent years. As cumulative number progeny gained surviving multiple years outweighs lost given single year, occasional constitute adaptive trait long-lived