Potential application of bacterial biofilm for bioremediation of toxic heavy metals and dye-contaminated environments

摘要: Abstract Biofilm-mediated bioremediation is now gaining interest as an emerging technology for the sustainable removal of toxic recalcitrant pollutants such heavy metals and dyes. Biofilms are a naturally-growing surface attached with cellular aggregates embedded self-synthesized matrix. The secretion sticky, viscous, negatively-charged extracellular polymeric substances by bacterial biofilm matrix makes it more resistant against various compounds. Bacterial biofilms also have greater tolerance toward changing environmental conditions than when in their free planktonic phase. Horizontal gene transfer chemotaxis activities organisms can make them unique application. Numerous studies been undertaken on diseases created formation biofilms, however, less attention has paid applications. In this chapter, formation, development, application dyes described. association several components process, factors affecting them, possible interaction mechanisms reported.