Sensory environment on health‐related outcomes of hospital patients

摘要: Background: Hospital environments have recently received renewed interest, with considerable investments into building and renovating healthcare estates. Understanding the effectiveness of environmental interventions is important for resource utilisation providing quality care. Objectives: To assess effect hospital on adult patient health-related outcomes. Search methods: We searched: Cochrane Central Register Controlled Trials (last searched January 2006); MEDLINE (1902 to December EMBASE (January 1980 February 14 other databases covering health, psychology, built environment; reference lists; organisation websites. This review currently being updated (MEDLINE last search October 2010), see Studies awaiting classification. Selection criteria: Randomised non-randomised controlled trials, before-and-after studies, interrupted times series in patients reporting Data collection analysis: Two authors independently undertook data extraction 'Risk bias' assessment. contacted obtain missing information. For continuous variables, we calculated a mean difference (MD) or standardized (SMD), 95% confidence intervals (CI) each study. dichotomous risk ratio (RR) (95% CI). When appropriate, used random-effects model meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was explored qualitatively quantitatively based bias, case mix, visit characteristics, country Main results: Overall, 102 studies been included this review. Interventions were: 'positive distracters', include aromas (two studies), audiovisual distractions (five decoration (one study), music (85 studies); reduce stressors through physical changes, air (three bedroom type flooring furniture furnishings lighting temperature study); multifaceted studies). did not find any meeting inclusion criteria evaluate: art, access nature example, gardens, atriums, flowers, plants, ceilings, noise, controls, technologies, way-finding aids, provision windows. it appears that may improve patient-reported outcomes such as anxiety; however, benefit physiological outcomes, medication consumption has less support. There are few support refute implementation except quality, demonstrated changes environment at least no harm. Authors' conclusions: Music certain circumstances, so relatively inexpensive intervention be justified. some interventions, well designed research yet take place.