A review: Optimizing performance of Floating Storage and Regasification Units (FSRU) by applying advanced LNG tank pressure management strategies

摘要: Summary The demand for Floating Storage and Regasification Units (FSRU) has grown rapidly worldwide since the first unit was commissioned in 2005 opened many new markets to LNG trade. Technology evolved leading a fleet of FSRU ranging from relatively cheap conversions carriers (LNGC) larger-capacity, new-build vessels with higher-tank-pressure ratings. The different types ideally require operating procedures tailored their specific designs, capacities, tank-pressure Currently, practices developed lower-tank pressure ratings LNGC are applied as matter routine across fleet, inefficiencies. There therefore significant opportunities improve efficiencies on thereby reduce onboard gas consumption atmospheric emissions, particularly regarding ship-to-ship (STS)-transfer cargo rollover-protection strategies. Additional non-standard use recondensing equipment, recirculating condensed boil-off warm back tanks, can also unnecessary shipboard gas. These savings be achieved without any capital investments or modifications. STS transfers were performed 2007 new, but now necessity operations. efficiency associated significantly improved by adopting 12 straightforward measures. Some transfer improvement measures recommended involve an increase (beyond current practices) cooperation, planning, coordination tank pressures between discharging receiving vessels. adoption proactive prevention mitigation limit potential increases rollover events appreciably at no additional cost. Other gains focused tank-vapor-handling equipment attainable higher-pressure rated FSRU.