Screen‐Printed Calcium–Birnessite Electrodes for Water Oxidation at Neutral pH and an “Electrochemical Harriman Series”
作者： Seung Y. Lee , Diego González-Flores , Jonas Ohms , Tim Trost , Holger Dau
关键词:
摘要: A mild screen-printing method was developed to coat conductive oxide surfaces (here: fluorine-doped tin oxide) with micrometer-thick layers of presynthesized calcium manganese (Ca-birnessite) particles. After optimization steps concerning the printing process and layer thickness, electrodes were obtained that could be used as corrosion-stable water-oxidizing anodes at pH 7 yield current densities 1 mA cm(-2) an overpotential less than 500 mV. Analyses electrode coatings optimal thickness (≈10 μm) indicated composition, phase, morphology synthetic Ca-birnessite particles hardly affected by procedure. However, a more detailed analysis X-ray absorption spectroscopy revealed small modifications both Mn redox state structure atomic level, which affect functional properties such proton conductivity. Furthermore, versatile new for comparative study various transition-metal oxides electrochemical water oxidation under "artificial leaf conditions" (neutral pH, fairly low density), general activity ranking RuO2 >Co3 O4 ≈(Ca)MnOx ≈NiO observed. Within group screened oxides, performed better "Mn-only materials" Mn2 O3 MnO2 .
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