SECONDARY BATTERIES – LEAD– ACID SYSTEMS | Lifetime Determining Processes

摘要: Aging of lead–acid batteries is very complex and it needs to be admitted that still not fully understood in all cases. Changed operating conditions or new material additives cause changes the performance lifetime battery, which are difficult predict advance owing insufficient knowledge basic chemical physical processes. This problem even aggravated fact aging appears inhomogeneously along electrodes. due special role electrolyte, takes part electrode reaction resulting vertical concentration, potential, current density gradients. Major effects discussed this chapter such as corrosion, sulfation, drying out. Many processes highly interlinked always necessary distinguish accelerate change battery. The battery user can typically affect only rates, depth discharge (DOD), voltage, temperature. It job a good management minimize maximize lifetime. impossible avoid completely, but minimized.