Lasting effects of butyrate and low FM/FO diets on growth performance, blood haematology/biochemistry and molecular growth-related markers in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

摘要: Abstract Four isoproteic/isolipidic plant protein-based diets were formulated to assess the lasting effects of feed additives and low fish meal (FM) oil (FO) diet formulations on gilthead sea bream growth performance. FM was included at 23% in control (D1) 3% other three (D2, D3, D4). Added either FO or a blend vegetable oils replacing 58% (D2) 84% (D3, D4 diets) FO. A commercial sodium butyrate preparation (NOREL, 70-BP) added 0.4%. Each allocated triplicate groups juvenile fed satiety over an 8-month feeding trial (May–December). All grew efficiently from 15 g initial body weight 296–320 g with overall efficiency (FE) 0.95–1.01, although D3 showed transient impairments course first four weeks trial. Data biometric indexes, whole composition, haematology blood biochemistry revealed strong effect sampling time sampled mid-summer (August) late autumn (December). In contrast, mostly reduced few parameters. Low inclusion levels plasma haemoglobin D3), but these reversed by supplementation (D4). The same phenomena occurred for total cholesterol highest circulating concentration choline IGF-I during their summer spurt. At transcriptional level, gene expression profiling liver skeletal muscle PCR-array 87 markers provided additional evidence well-growth condition all experimental groups. Up 73 genes found detectable tissue, only 13 differentially expressed. Likewise, 84 actively transcribed muscle, nine expressed least one group. Butyrate up-regulated inflammatory cytokines (TNFα) cellular morphogenesis protein breakdown (CDH15, CAPN3, PSMA5, PSMB1, UBE2N) extreme diet. These results support use FM/FO alone supplemented additives, which have potential improve reverse metabolic steady-states. Statement relevance meal/fish diets.