Variational Assimilation of Precipitable Water Using a Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Adjoint Model. Part I: Moisture Retrieval and Sensitivity Experiments

摘要: Abstract Recently it has been proposed that the phase delay associated with radio signals propagating from GPS satellites to a ground-based receiving station can be used infer vertically integrated water vapor (precipitable water—PW) high degree of accuracy. Since is relatively inexpensive, specially designed, dense network provide PW measurements unprecedented coverage. Such data set potentially have significant impact on operational numerical weather prediction. In this paper, series experiments were conducted using variational (4DVAR) assimilation system based The Pennsylvania State University –National Center for Atmospheric Research mesoscale model MM5 and its adjoint. special soundings collected in SESAME (Severe Environmental Storms Mesoscale Experiment) 1979 wore two sets experiments. first set, 1-h window an analysis observed u...