Interventions with injection drug users in Ukraine

摘要: Aims  To assess the effectiveness of a brief human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and counseling intervention compared to more time-consuming expensive street-based with injection drug users (IDUs). Design  Cross-over experimental design in which 900 IDUs were recruited, followed by ‘wash-out’ period no recruitment, reversal assignment areas an additional recruitment baseline 6-month follow-up assessments. Setting  Kiev, Odessa Makeevka/Donesk Ukraine. Participants  A total 1798 IDUs. Measurements  HIV audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) data on socio-demographics, use sex-related risk behaviors. Findings  Participants both conditions reduced their sex risks significantly; however, there was little difference outcomes between conditions. who knew they HIV-infected at significantly likely practice safe than those unaware or HIV-negative; first learned that infected changed practices already HIV-negative. Younger injecting for shorter time reported higher behaviors following interventions. Conclusions  Awareness infection street-recruited injectors is associated risks. Additional interventions are required younger periods time.