Social Relations at the Collective Level: The Meaning and Measurement of Collective Control in Research on the Psychosocial Work Environment

摘要: In this article, we suggest that organizational-level social relations should be defined and measured as workplace norms. We base argument on new research the components of psychosocial work environment availability techniques for measuring analyzing workplace norms as organizational properties. Workplace emerge from interactions and negotiations among actors, through which patterns behavior, attitudes, perspectives become legitimate. This is an underestimated dimension assessed with two types data: self-reports by employees of their experiences in (task-level control) employers of collective or group-level Hierarchical linear modeling especially useful tool for analyzing relationships between different outcomes because it allows researchers to separate effects individual-level variables group or organizational-level factors. Our approach anchored Nordic perspective work environment developed over past 50 years.