Hurricane-forced upwelling and chlorophyllaenhancement within cold-core cyclones in the Gulf of Mexico

摘要: [1] Clear skies, subsequent to Hurricane Ivan's passage across the Gulf of Mexico in September 2004, provided a unique opportunity investigate upper ocean responses major hurricane. Oceanic cyclonic circulation was rapidly intensified by hurricane's wind field (59-62 m s -1 ), maximizing upwelling and surface cooling (3-7°C) two large areas along track. Upward isothermal displacements 50-65 m, computed from stress sea height changes, caused rapid ventilation thermoclines nutriclines, leading phytoplankton blooms with peak concentrations 3-4 days later. Wind speed changes track demonstrated that cool waters (20-26°C) immediate negative feedback intensity. Although our study focused on relatively small area, it revealed mesoscale cyclones, addition warm anticyclones, may play an important role producing along-track hurricane intensity changes.