Mechanisms of Adiponectin Action in Fertility: An Overview from Gametogenesis to Gestation in Humans and Animal Models in Normal and Pathological Conditions

摘要: Adiponectin is the most abundant plasma adipokine. It mainly derives from white adipose tissue and plays a key role in control of energy metabolism thanks to its insulin-sensitising, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic properties. In vitro vivo evidence shows that adiponectin could also be one hormones controlling interaction between balance fertility several species, including humans. Indeed, two receptors—AdipoR1 AdipoR2—are expressed hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis their activation regulates Kiss, GnRH gonadotropin expression and/or secretion. male gonads, modulates functions both somatic germ cells, such as steroidogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress. females, it controls steroidogenesis ovarian granulosa theca oocyte maturation, embryo development. receptors were found placental endometrial suggesting this adipokine might play crucial implantation, trophoblast invasion foetal growth. The aim review characterise mechanism action female reproductive tract. Further, since features metabolic syndrome are associated with some diseases, polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, endometriosis, growth restriction cancers, regarding emerging these disorders discussed.