Analysis and health risk assessment of toxic and essential elements of the wild fish caught by anglers in Liuzhou as a large industrial city of China.

摘要: Abstract Most wild fish caught by anglers (WFAs) are likely to be contaminated toxic metals, particularly the collected from waterways in urban and suburban areas; hence, determination of health risk caused WFAs consumption associated with metals is vital. Therefore, Liuzhou, one largest industrial cities China, was considered as an example city this study. Eight elements were analysed uncover pollution status safety WFAs. Moreover, suitable angling identified areas. The obtained results suggested relatively high concentrations Zn, Cr Cd, which also found beyond corresponding Maximum Residue Limit. Among all elements, only mean indices Cd observed 0.2, revealing that generally these metals. However, potential can predominately attributed Cr, confirmed significantly higher Target hazard quotients (THQ). For adults, THQ values below 1, indicating no significant being case adults. On contrary, for Children suggesting children susceptible great risks due consumption. Furthermore, weekly recommended area remarkably lower than current rate among residents; therefore, areas evaded angling.