Notes on Sources of Yurok Glottalized Consonants

摘要: NOTES ON SOURCES OF YUROK GLOTTA LIZED CONSONANTS JULIETTE BLEVINS University of Lulon I. INTRODUCTION. A genetic relationship has been established between Yurok. Wiyot and the Algonquian languages (Sapir 1913, Haas 1958, Teeter I974, Goddard I975. Bennan l982a. I984. I990). Yurok ejectives as well laryngealized fricatives sonorants. Proto-Algonquian lacks Iaryngealized sonorants, while no ejectives, but does show pre-glottalized sonorants which could be considered unit phonemes. In this paper, I build on previous work sources glottalized consonants, focusing primarily origins ejectives. are less common than their non-ejective counterparts. have a more limited distribution (see Appendix 11). As noted by Gensler (1986271) “The defective skewed in Yurok... suggests that ejective series is relative newcomer historical phonology...”. study. provide support for view based internal reconstruction comparison with Wiyot. section 2, Ben'nan’s (l982a) proposal consonants reflect *0 clusters strengthened providing further etyma, suggesting regular sound change history taking q‘C'l g C? C’. 3, identify morpheme associated hairiness bushiness, *-Vp-I, -Vp' reflexes terms plants other growing things. By demonstrating *1/t correspondences, it possible to derive all these instances p’ from same proposed 3: * Vpi Vpl Vp? Vp'. sections 4 5 discuss c’ t’ both distribution. 6 unlikely inherited. potential loan area. data Robins (I958) supplemented (l982b).' (I964) Nichols (1993). 2. ‘Ct CLUSTERS. The most obvious feature Yurok, form pronominal prefixes I913, I975). However. pointed out ( l975:250-54), problem comparative method was fact nouns verbs, not independent pronouns. (1) Pronominal PA Wwor (BEFORE ALIENABLE NOUNS. ’I‘: 39) 1*‘ *nc-. ‘ne(t)- ?ne- (cf. nck‘I‘) du?- 2qd ‘kc-, qke(t)- k'e- kc?| ‘you sg.’) kqu?- 3q' qwe- qwe(t)- ‘(we-_.?u hu?- An ingenious solution presented Berman (I982a:4l 8). where suggested source glottalization -t- infix found related languages: qThe glottal element cognate inserted afier when following begins vowel.q quality prefixal vowel predictable. treated epenthetic. Proposed phonological fonns vowel- initial stems shown (2): ‘ unless otherwise. Abbreviations used are: B (l982b); Proto-Algonquian; PAR Proto-Algouquian-Ritwan; T I964 ); TN 993. vol. I); WIY Wiyot; YUR