De-agrarianization, re -agrarianization and local economic development: Re-orientating livelihoods in African artisanal mining communities

摘要: This article contributes to the debate on livelihood diversification in rural sub-Saharan Africa, focusing specifically growing economic importance of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) region. The precipitous decline value many export crops removal subsidies crucial inputs such as fertilizers have made smallholder production unviable, forcing farmers ‘branch out’ into non-farm activities supplement their incomes. One more popular destinations for poor is low-tech ASM sector which, because its low barriers entry, has absorbed millions Africans over past two decades, majority whom are engaged extraction near-surface mineral deposits located concessions that been demarcated multinational corporations. efforts hitherto control this illegal activity, both through force regulation, however, had little effect, region’s governments private partners ‘re-think’ approaches. strategy gained considerable attention throughout region intensified support agrarian-orientated activities, despite problems plaguing agricultural challenges with making it economically sustainable, being lauded appropriate ‘alternative’ sources employment mining. After examining where fits de-agrarianization ‘puzzle’ critiques efficacy ‘re-agrarianization’ a addressing problem. A case study Ghana used shed further light these issues.