Eco-efficiency improvement by using integrative design and life cycle assessment. The case study of alternative bread supply chains in France

摘要: Abstract LCA studies reveal emission hotspots along the whole product value chain allowing researcher to identify opportunities for improvements. Its combination with integrative design offers an opportunity substantially improve eco-efficiency. We describe multi-stakeholder process that was followed provide reductions in resource use and emissions from two alternative bread supply chains France. Case of were selected because strong motivation environmental performance limited number actors chain: farmers are also processors, distributors retailers. The structured supported by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as evaluation information support tool. To avoid any potential burden shifting, impacts tracked 13 impact categories. Results highlights processes responsible largest share disclosed experts during collaborative workshop. Stakeholders included sustainability experts, plant breeders, agronomists representatives associations. In next step, generated improvement scenarios consulted on a feedback loop basis. Despite low acceptance expert suggestions, allowed find some innovative solutions. Conservative modelling approved revealed 47% reduction global warming one 40% aquatic eutrophication other one. these case suggest addition biophysical limitations, producers may suffer lack innovation, suboptimal management access reliable information. Integrative approaches coupled systematic, science based assessment tools such can be effective overcoming barriers improving More research is needed understand social factors driving life-cycle eco-innovation farms.