Pollutant-induced effects on immunological and physiological interactions in aquatic host -trematode systems: implications for parasite transmission
作者： N.J. Morley , J.W. Lewis , D. Hoole
DOI: 10.1079/JOH2006345
关键词:
摘要: Under conditions of pollution both host and parasite are susceptible to the pathogenic effects toxicants, which in turn may result detrimental changes their immunological physiological processes. Digenetic trematodes, encompass species medical economic importance, possess complex life cycles common parasites vertebrates molluscs. The combined stress induced by parasitism influences physiology can have implications not only on survival but also functional biology resident populations. present paper reviews pollutants immunology vertebrate molluscan host‐trematode systems for transmission.
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