The promise and the potential consequences of the global transport of mycorrhizal fungal inoculum.

摘要: Advances in ecology during the past decade have led to a much more detailed understanding of potential negative consequences species' introductions. Moreover, recent studies mycorrhizal symbionts an increased knowledge utility fungal inoculations agricultural, horticultural and ecological management. The intentional movement species is growing, but concomitant for invasions by fungi poorly understood. We assess degree which introductions may lead unintended negative, potentially costly, consequences. Our purpose make recommendations regarding appropriate management guidelines highlight top priority research needs. Given difficulty discerning invasive problems associated with inoculations, we recommend following. First, careful assessment documenting need inoculation, likelihood success, should be conducted prior inoculation because are not universally beneficial. Second, costly often impossible control time they recognized. using local inoculum sources whenever possible. Third, non-sterile cultures can result saprobes pathogens as well mutualists. material that has been produced through sterile culture when available. Finally, life-history characteristics inoculated provide general relative establishment spread. that, non-local fungi, managers choose taxa carry traits minimize deleterious problems. Additional needed on spread non-target areas cause damage.