Enhanced HIV-1 replication in retinoid-treated monocytes. Retinoid effects mediated through mechanisms related to cell differentiation and to a direct transcriptional action on viral gene expression.

摘要: Vitamin A and other retinoids have profound effects on macrophage differentiation function. Such could alter interactions between HIV tissue macrophages, a principal target cell reservoir for virus during disease. Indeed, are used to treat various symptoms associated with infection. We show that levels of replication in monocytes cultured 7 days before continuously after infection 1 10 microM retinoic acid were 10- 20-fold greater than those control cells. No direct toxicity (detachment from substrate or death) was evident infected treated less equal acid. Maximum (50% maximum effect at 0.8 +/- 0.1 microM) required 5 treatment persisted without additional through more 4 wk. RT activity cultures acid-treated reached much earlier cultures, but the minimum culture infectious doses untreated comparable. Retinoic did not affect susceptibility Further, frequency cells also comparable: about 20% each expressed proteins RNA 2 wk In contrast, HIV-specific DNA 3- 5-fold higher over That increased gene expression monocyte affecting number per suggested transcriptional mechanism effect. This confirmed U937 myeloid line transfected LTR linked chloramphenicol acetyl transferase reporter gene. Chloramphenicol lysates These data significantly mechanisms related viral expression.