The response of spider (Araneae) assemblages to structural heterogeneity and prey abundance in sub-montane vegetation modified by conservation grazing

摘要: Abstract The effect of experimental livestock grazing regimens (4 treatments×6 replicates) on spiders via habitat structure and prey abundance was investigated sub-montane habitats in the Southern Highlands Scotland. study, 2002–2004 included a baseline survey under prior, commercial sheep regimen two assessments spider assemblages post-treatment: stocking density sheep; 1/3 with cattle no grazing. Spiders were sampled suction sampler, five sucks at each 25 sample units by 24 plots (600 samples 2003 2004, ca. 320 2002). Spider species richness increased reduced density, mixed herbivore ungrazed treatments indirectly changes vegetation abundance. results refuted meta-analysis that concluded is unaffected Grazing caused turnover composition more than net difference suggested, implying single, optimal will support as many patchwork varied management. Conservation benefits have significant for food webs ecosystems but period to equilibrium after requires further investigation.