Compromised Survivorship in Zoo Elephants

摘要: We analyzed data from over 4500 elephants to show that animals in European zoos have about half the median life span of conspecifics protected populations range countries. This discrepancy is clearest Asian elephants; unlike African zoos, this species' infant mortality very high (for example, twice seen Burmese timber camps), and its adult survivorship has not improved significantly recent years. One risk factor for zoo being moved between institutions, with early removal mother tending additional adverse effects. Another born into a rather than imported wild, poor zoo-born Asians apparently conferred prenatally or infancy. suggest stress and/or obesity as likely causes elephants' compromised survivorship.