Concentration polarization in an unstirred batch cell: Measurements and comparison with theory

摘要: Abstract Experimental and theoretical results are reported for a model that aids in understanding the performance of desalination equipment based on reverse osmosis. The consists cylinder closed by semipermeable membrane at one end connected to pressurization chamber other. one-dimensional, transient flow device is governed salt diffusion equation which contains quadratically nonlinear convective term subject boundary condition applied surface membrane. rejection coefficient R ratio δ initial osmotic pressure difference hydrostatic across occur as parameters. Summaries given from extensions previous solutions time development concentration profiles dependence rate water flows through Discussions flow-rate measurements use specially developed electrical conductivity microprobes measuring pointwise histories directly. rates histories, accurate within 5–10 per cent, presented compared with theories three cases, ⪡ 1, 1 − intermediate values δ. Values range 0.8 0.99 MgSO 4 pressures below 150 psi. experimental support each theory its proper applicability. They reveal existence an inside none agree experiment 10 cent.