Ecological dynamics in habitat selection of reindeer: an interplay of spatial scale, time, and individual animal's choice

摘要: While striving for “global” species models of habitat selection, spatiotemporal variation in utilization patterns within a particular and intraspecies space use are still poorly understood. We addressed these challenges by exploring domesticated reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus), focusing on factors that underlie ecological dynamics selection. analyzed selection 15 (±2) female southern Norway separately (a) region home range, (b) seasonality, (c) each Global Positioning System (GPS)-collared reindeer. explicitly evaluated variability applying multivariate ordination techniques based the niche concept. In contrast to global assumptions, our results reveal considerable partly unpredictable amount resulting from interplay spatial scale, time, individual animal choice. Thus, we conclude across-scale approaches describing facilitate better understanding instead finding single “best” model indicates strongest species–habitat relationships.