摘要: Smith (2007:81) asserts that “We’ve inherited our warlike nature from prehistoric bands were able to kill their neighbors and acquire resources. These groups flourished while the pacifists withered on evolutionary vine.” In a similar vein, Alexander (1979:222, 223) speculates “At some early point in history actual function of human groups—their significance for individual members—was protection predatory effects other groups. …Multi-male bands…stayed together largely or entirely because threat other, similar, nearby humans.” Shaw Wong (1989:17) assume “warfare propensities are deeply entrenched nature.” They portray ancestors over last one-to-two million years as living “small, tight-knit groups” kin they dub nucleus ethnic (Shaw Wong, 1989:14). view, “relationships between shaped by conflict an environment scarce resources,” “intergroup competition warfare resources would have had be widely prevalent throughout evolution” (pp. 50, 54, italics added).
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