Reactive Oxygen Metabolites: Chemistry and Medical Consequences

摘要: THE PROS AND CONS OF LIVING IN AN OXYGEN ATMOSPHERE BASIC CHEMISTRY RADICALS Definition and History Formation of Radicals Reactions OXYGEN-DERIVED Historical Perspective Definitions One-Electron Reduction Oxygen Superoxide Radical Anion Peroxyl Hydroxyl ELECTRONICALLY EXCITED STATES Singlet Excited Carbonyl Compounds FORMATION REACTIVE METABOLITES VIVO Introduction Mitochondrial Electron Transport Hemoproteins Flavin-Linked Oxidases The Microsomal Enzymme System Phagocytosis Electronically via Enzymatic Oxidations Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factor (EDRF) REACTIONS WITH IMPORTANT BIOMOLECULES General Remarks about Investigations with Fatty Acids Mechanism Lipid Peroxidation-Induced Pathogenesis Chemistry Damage to DNA States Biological Markers for in vivo Oxidative NITRIC OXIDE Chemical Nitric Oxide Important the Deactivation Nitrogen Dioxide Dismutase Nature EDRF Peroxynitrite-Peroxynitrous Acid Role Peroxzynitrite-Peroxynitrous Protective Effect Induced Toxicity Release Fe(II) from Ferritin Protein Derived ANTIOXIDANTS Dismutases Ascorbic Uric Melatonin Vitamin E Antioxidan Prooxidant Activity Flavonoids Carotenoids Proteins which form Complexes Transition-Metal Ions Peptides as Antioxidants Do Prevent Diseases vivo? PATHOLOGICAL PROCESSES INVOLVING Aging Cancer Inflammation, Cell Division, Neurodegenerative Disorders Lung Atherosclerosis Ischemia-Reperfusion Stress Lifestyle CONCLUSION REFERENCES