Deceptive-like behaviour in dogs (Canis familiaris).

摘要: Deception, the use of false signals to modify behaviour receiver, occurs in low frequencies even stable signalling systems. For example, it can be advantageous for subordinate individuals deceive competitive situations. We investigated a three-way choice task whether dogs are able mislead human competitor, i.e. if they capable tactical deception. During training, experienced role their owner, as always being cooperative, and two unfamiliar humans, one acting ‘cooperatively’ by giving food other ‘competitive’ keeping themselves. test, dog had options lead these partners three potential locations: contained favoured item, non-preferred item third remained empty. After having led partners, possibility leading its cooperative owner locations. Therefore, would have direct benefit from misleading partner since then get another chance receive preferred owner. On first test day, box more often than expected partner. second less empty These results show that distinguished between partner, indicate flexibility adjust