Disease ecology and the global emergence of zoonotic pathogens.

摘要: The incidence and frequency of epidemic transmission zoonotic diseases, both known newly recognized, has increased dramatically in the past 30 years. It is thought that this dramatic disease emergence primarily result social, demographic, environmental transformation occurred globally since World War II. However, causal linkages have not been elucidated. Investigating emerging pathogens as an ecological phenomenon can provide significant insights to why some these jumped species caused major epidemics humans. A review concepts theory from biological ecology factors previously described suggests a general model global emergence. links demographic societal land use cover change whose associated help explain scale magnitude changes are more than those with climate change, effects which largely yet understood. Unfortunately, complex character non-linear behavior human-natural systems host-pathogen embedded makes specific incidences or inherently difficult predict. Employing analytical approach, however, may show how few key variables system properties, including adaptive capacity institutions, explains infectious diseases integrated, multi-level approach control reduce risk.