Asian Citrus Greening and Assessment of Current Techniques for Reducing Disease Occurrences

摘要: Asian citrus greening (hereafter, CG) is an incurable disastrous disease of citrus, caused by the pathogen "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" in Asia, USA, and Brazil. This transmitted psyllid Diaphorina citri these countries, trees, once infected, die within several years. Psyllids that acquire their fourth or fifth instar transmit it most successfully. Since no bactericides are available for sustainable management CG, current CG techniques depend mainly on control vector insecticides. Monthly every-two- month application neonicotinoids perceived to be effective technique control. Cultivational measures have also been investigated. Recently, guava interplanting has found more about one a half years after planting, during which prevents invasion almost completely. The efficacy guava- would overcome insecticide three years, though. In orchards surrounding located areas with dominant prevalence insufficient inappropriate allows psyllids into orchards, resulting severe infection trees CG. None can completely prevent invasion. Thus, regardless programs may undertaken, expansion inevitable. Irrespective knowledge accumulated past decades, extent individual contribute reduce remains unclear. Here, we review attempt evaluate efficiency reducing occurrence.