Biomarkers in the ovary.

摘要: Alterations in specific oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes that serve as surrogate markers of malignant transformation have been identified ovarian cancers. Overexpression the HER-2/neu oncogene occurs approximately 30% breast In most studies, overexpression has correlated with poor survival. Although mutation K-ras found some mucinous cancers, mutations this gene appear to be more common borderline tumors. Amplification c-myc cancers is frequently seen serous Mutation p53 gene, resultant mutant protein, 50% Stage III/IV 15% I/II Most are transitions, which suggests they arise spontaneously rather than due exogenous carcinogens. contrast acquired genetic alterations described above a feature sporadic small fraction epithelial inherited defects. Recently, BRCA1 on chromosome 17q was shown responsible for cases hereditary cancer. Families exist usually characterized by early age disease onset. Presently, it remains unclear what mutations.