作者: G. T. Heydt , V. Vittal , S. Malhara , Y. V. Makarov , N. Zhou
DOI: 10.1080/15325008.2011.608766
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摘要: Abstract Extreme events in the electrical power system, caused by load and wind forecasting errors, can impact system infrastructure via two main avenues. The first avenue is a sudden significant unbalance exceeding reasonable operating reserve capacity. second increase of flows on critical paths causing transmission violations. challenge managing these unbalances more for stand-alone balancing area operation. consolidation authorities into single offset problem, but this strategy enhances incremental interfaces, potentially leading to unpredictable congestion. This article evaluates expectation occurrence extreme due forecast error extremes using California Independent System Operator Bonneville Power Administration data. Having type information, independent operators and...