Organ Perfusion in Acute Heart Failure Syndromes

摘要: Acute heart failure syndromes (AHFSs) are associated with some degree of perfusion abnormality that is not necessarily evident. Cardiogenic shock among the most important manifestations AHFS and defined by clinically obvious or measured inadequate end-organ tissue hypoxia mortality in range 50%1. Causes death only cardiogenic but also various organ failures despite normalized cardiac index2. Renal dysfunction, for example, frequent apparent dysfunction a powerful adverse prognostic factor (reviewed Gheorghiade et al.3). Low during (Fig. 15.1) may result from “forward” (acute coronary syndrome, myocardial etiologies), “backward” congestion due to global right failure, maladapted peripheral vasoconstriction (hypertensive acute failure). Regional redistribution blood flow toward vascular beds setting has been seldom addressed over last three decades compared other states such as sepsis hemorrhage, consequently this chapter focuses on low-output AHFS.