作者: Charles L. Nunn , Li Zhu
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-43550-2_21
关键词:
摘要: Understanding adaptive patterns is especially difficult in the case of “evolutionary singularities,” i.e., traits that evolved only one lineage clade interest. New methods are needed to integrate our understanding general phenotypic correlations and convergence within a when examining single clade. Here, we develop apply new method investigate change along branch an evolutionary tree; this can be applied any on phylogeny, typically focusing priori hypothesis for “exceptional evolution” particular branches, example humans relative other primates. Specifically, use phylogenetic predict trait values tip phylogeny based statistical (regression) model, signal (λ), relationships among species We then evaluate whether observed value departs from predicted value. provide two worked examples human evolution using original R scripts implement concept Bayesian framework. also simulations validity approach. While multiple approaches should used singularities context—including studies rate branch—our approach provides way place confidence light uncertainty about underlying parameters.