Oxidative Chemical Stressors Alter the Physiological State of the Nasal Olfactory Mucosa of Atlantic Salmon

摘要: The olfactory organs of fish have vital functions for chemosensory and defence. Though there been some ground-breaking discoveries their involvement in immunity against pathogens recent years, little is known about how they respond to non-infectious agents, such as exogenous oxidants, which encounter regularly. To this end, we employed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) a model study the molecular responses at nasal mucosa teleost when challenged with oxidants. Microarray analysis was unravel transcriptional changes following two types vivo exposure peracetic acid (PAA), highly potent oxidative agent commonly used aquaculture: Trial 1: periodic low dose (1 ppm, every 3 days over 45 days) simulate routine disinfection; 2: less frequent high (10 ppm 30 min, 15 days, times) mimic bath treatment. Furthermore, leukocytes from organ were isolated exposed PAA, well hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acetic (AA)-the other components PAA trade products-to perform targeted cellular response profiling. In first trial, microarrays identified 32 differentially expressed genes (DEG) after 45-day oxidant exposure. Erythrocyte-specific overly represented substantially upregulated 2, higher administered, 62 DEGs identified, 80% significantly Genes involved immune response, redox balance stress, maintenance integrity extracellular matrix markedly affected by oxidant. All chemical stimuli (i.e., H2O2, AA) proliferation leukocytes, indications recovery observed PAA- H2O2-exposed cells. migration promoted but not much AA. three stressors triggered stress indicated an increase intracellular reactive oxygen species level. This resulted mobilisation antioxidant defences shown upregulation crucial network. qPCR revealed expression selected cytokines heat shock protein vitro challenge, stochastic. results advance our understanding role that plays host defence, particularly towards stressors.