Recent insights into non-nuclear actions of estrogen receptor alpha

摘要: Estrogen receptors (ER) classically function as transcription factors regulating gene expression. More recently, evidence has continued to accumulate that ER additionally serve numerous important functions remote from the nucleus in a variety of cell types, particularly non-reproductive tissues. The identification post-translational modifications ERα and protein-protein interactions with receptor are critical its non-nuclear afforded opportunities gain greater insights into these novel non-genomic roles receptor. development stable ligand selectively activates also been invaluable. In this review focused on ERα, recent new understanding processes underlying action their vivo consequences will be discussed. Further research capacities by which modulate cellular behavior is essential ultimately harnessing for therapeutic disease contexts.