Noninvasive genetic sampling allows estimation of capercaillie numbers and population structure in the Bohemian Forest

摘要: Wildlife conservation and management of endangered species requires reliable information on the size structure populations. One flagship in European wildlife is forest-dwelling capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), where several populations are endangered. In Bohemian Forest, e.g., population severely declined 30 years ago with only 100 birds remaining 1985. Subsequently, breeding release programs were conducted to supplement local population. The current distribution size, however, remained unknown. With recent habitat changes increasing recreational activities, a estimate inform plans was needed. A team scientists volunteers collected fresh droppings covering an area about 120,000 ha. We genotyped ten microsatellite loci determine population’s spatial genetic structure. Population density estimators revealed approximately 500 individuals, which thus one two largest relict low mountain ranges temperate Europe. clustering gene flow across entire study area. Several genotypes documented multiple recaptures at distances between 10 km additionally corroborating landscape Males more closely related than females small scales up 3 km, indicating lower dispersal rates males. conclude that currently appears have viable shows unrestricted state borders units Forest. However, long-term viability this transboundary strategy sustainably protect monitor isolated Central