A general treatment and classification of the solute adsorption isotherm part. II. Experimental interpretation

摘要: Abstract The solute adsorption isotherm classification, examined theoretically in the previous paper, is illustrated by a number of further experiments which help to clarify some earlier obscurities and enable an assist (a) interpreting mechanism orientation, (b) identifying presence associated impurity, (c) measuring specific surface area solid. production S-curve either cooperative or competitive effect impurity solvent discussed. Thus p-nitrophenol adsorbed from dry benzene both silica graphite. Traces water reduce on competition change curve L- S-shape, but have no graphite, where negligible. aromatic hydrocarbons alumina, usually gives S-curves, Cooperative can give H-type if cooperating molecules move as large unit substrate, J-aggregate cyanine dyes silver halides. Examples inorganic biological substrates giving C-type (linear) curves are quoted, illustrating progressive penetration micropores substrate suggested be characteristic this process. Data given showing that maxima isotherms for high affinity solutes identified with completion monolayer. Surface tension measurements suggest may result traces highly surface-active impurity.